MAPS Dec. 2024B Night 2: Windy Boogaloo

We started the night with a group photo featuring the stars of the show: the 6.5-meter primary and our beloved ASM watching over us from directly above our heads. It’s a good thing Ruby, Dan and the MMT day-crew gang ensured its secure installation.

Courtesy of TO Ben Kunk. Peep Amali in her muppet coat! She’s just too cool for French fashion school.
(no muppets were harmed in the making of this fashion statement… that we know of)

Bonus photo! Obligatory mirror selfie with the ASM, courtesy of Krishna. In retrospect, we raised our hands in victory too early, we didn’t yet know how the night would go.

Amali and I are present as evidenced by the extra hands in the back, Krishna and Jorge are just really tall

We headed down to get work started and within the hour Grant, Oli and Maggie had aligned the dichroic. Amali’s judicious eye achieved us decent enough pupils that we could start looking for the culprit actuators keeping us from amazing pupils. Good progress so far!

But if there’s one thing I’ve learned on my handful of MAPS observing runs, it’s that the time equivalent of at least one night will be forced from our hands by adverse weather. This was to be our windy night, so around 7:30–a little over an hour after opening–we closed the telescope.

While we held out hope for the winds to wind down, Maggy, Oli and Grant kept us company. Manny found a floor heating pad to fight off the cold reaching up through the ground. Much to our dismay, however, a mouse had eaten through part of the power cable and after 7 glorious seconds of foot warming, the pad sparked and gave out. Thankfully, our boss was uninjured, our only misfortune being that our toes were none the warmer. Such is the price of commissioning magical mirrors.

Around 11 PM, Oli, Grant and Maggie called it a night and headed down the mountain. They made it back to Tucson safe, a testimony to our team’s spirit raging against the wind.

As we waged a war of attrition against the gusts, Amali trained Lauren and me to check how individual actuators respond to a “sweep” of current. 

Actuator 252 is not a problem child

Intermittently, Jorge kept our spirits up with Dad jokes, Manny made us popcorn, and Krishna read abstracts from the day’s arXiv feed aloud. (Yes, instead of doom-scrolling social media, Krishna scrolls through the latest astronomy and sometimes machine learning papers on the daily.)

Alas around 3 AM, the wind forecast pronounced we’d lost this battle and it was time to call it a night and head to bed.

WE INTERRUPT YOUR REGULARLY SCHEDULED PROGRAMMING TO BRING YOU THIS IMPORTANT MESSAGE: 

Krishna is looking to buy a car! If anyone is selling, any and all (legitimate and non-Craigslist-based) leads are greatly appreciated! He isn’t really picky so long as the vehicle is in good condition and runs nicely, but his top contenders are currently any model of the following makes:

  • Ducati
  • Kawasaki
  • Indian
  • Yamaha
Yes, this really exists! Totally unrelated: go watch The World’s Fastest Indian, you won’t regret it

Be present, enjoy nature

In keeping with Maggie’s blog rules, I give you a view of the MMT from the bowl dorms before heading up to the very same. Not only did this moment allow me to admire the mountain’s beauty, but it also made me wonder if the location of the bowl dorms along the winding road to the summit was determined by geography or by a thoughtful mountain road engineer who thought this vista would serve as the perfect inspiration for a night of hard work. Or, maybe some combination of the two.

It’s almost indiscernible, but the wind is starting to pick up

Song of the Day

Before Jefferson Starship (“We Built This City”, “Nothing’s Gonna Stop Us Now”), there was Jefferson Airplane. The song of the day is Planes, by Jefferson Airplane:

MAPS Dec. 2024B Night 1: Who knew nasmyth platforms make you privileged?

Hello! I am a former MagAO-Xer cutting her teeth in the adaptive secondary world as a new member of the MAPS team. Last night, as winds hurdled through the dome, and I was crouched under the MIRAC mid-IR imager attached to the MAPS topbox (aka WFS unit), trying to see what knobs my fellow optical engineers were turning, I realized how privileged I have been in my observing experience. In contrast to MAPS, MagAO-X is fed by a tertiary mirror and mounted on a nasmyth platform next to its telescope. You are somewhat shielded from winds and there is far, FAR less crouching to adjust a filter wheel or a beamsplitter. Also, you know, the private chef thing at LCO.

Private chef or not, you can’t beat an Arizona sunset.

Despite these brief moments of discomfort, I am growing to greatly enjoy my new MAPS team! One of my favorite moments of the night was an attempt to rotate the pupil stop wheel. One of our optical engineers, Oli, was laying under the instrument fiddling with a knob that didn’t seem to be turning much of anything. We were getting live feedback from our technical manager, Manny, via radio. I asked Oli, “Do you think it’s broken?” Oli mused, “I don’t know, I am just sort of wiggling it.” Then, via radio, Manny exclaims “Stop! That’s it!”. If that doesn’t sum up the experience of optical alignment, nothing does.

We started the night by trying to get light onto the MIRAC detector. This involved reinstalling a dichroic in the topbox to feed our WFS and see if our source was centered on the dichroic, as light passes through it to feed BLINC which feeds MIRAC. This whole process involved a variety of sources which included some very bright stars, the moon, and everyone’s favorite giant planet – Jupiter!

Next, we tried to center the rotation of MIRAC – ie determine whether or not it is being fed by on or off-axis beam. If the star moves in an arc across the detector, it is being fed by an off-axis beam which we can correct with the ASM’s tilt. If the star stays stationary during the rotation, MIRAC is being fed by an on-axis beam and we are golden.

We were able to successfully center the rotation. Photo cred: Amali

Our next step of the night was to align the dichroic to the WFS so we could actually begin playing with the ASM and start working through Amali’s extensive wish list of technical tests. Unfortunately, we got clouded out and had to close. That didn’t stop the team from using our brain power though. Visiting observers from ASU, Krishna and Jorge, entertained us with geographical quizzes where we got to guess the capitals of each state and the locations of states within India. Guess which one we were better at!

Jorge trying his hand at placing the states within India. I’ll say he had moderate success.

Here are some other cool shots I took throughout the night:

Blog Rules

As the initial blogger of the run, that means I get to set some ground rules. I’ll keep it simple. Song of the Day required, and you must included a pretty shot of the mountains around you so we can be sure everyone is appreciating the beauty of this place.

Song of the Day

Messing with BLINC, which includes a set of relay optics to feed MIRAC, kept making me think of that line “play that Blink-182 song that we beat to death in Tucson, okay”.

MAPS Aug. 2024B Night 6: On and Off

Welcome to the last blog for the MAPS August 2024 observing run!

The evening started off with Grant and Oli performing an LED strip test that would allow us to more clearly see out of focus images on our pupil lens and visible wavefront sensor. The LED light strip was placed in front of the ASM, along the radius of the shell. Our pupil image was clearly out of focus. Ideally, the circles of light (each individual LED bulb) should not be overlapping. They should look as they would if you were to look directly at the LED strip itself. The VIS WFS image looks better, as you can see more defined pixels of light.

Out of focus pupil image. If you own an LED light strip and ASM, you can replicate this at home!
LED strip test on the VIS WFS. WFS pupils should not normally look like this.
Spot the difference.

After waiting for a few storms to dissipate, we get straight to doing some AO. Amali closes the loop on 50 modes, then closes on a whopping 100 modes shortly after. The 50 mode loop had a 1.4 lambda/D full width half maximum, and the 100 mode loop had a 1.8 lambda/D FWHM. GO TEAM! Tonight’s honorable target was FK5 0672, theta Herculis.

Loop closed on 100 modes. Ooh… aah…
Open loop for comparison. Pupil and PSF quality courtesy of atmospheric turbulence.
50-mode loop on and off. Video taken by Amali Vaz.

Bonus Jared quote of the night: “We need more monitors.”

Now we hand things over to Grant and Oli. They battle the on and off cloudy weather as they work on VIS pyramid alignment.

Starlight, no starlight, starlight, no starlight, starlight, no sta-

After they scrambled the topbox (moved the vis CTL and CCID75), the VIS WFS pupils looked VISibly better.

After topbox alignment. The clouds took away some starlight on our pupil image.

With our new, beautiful WFS pupils, Amali, Bianca, and I take turns taking 50 and 100 mode response matrices. The image below is a 50-mode self RM, which confirms we are sensing the same modes that are being poked.

According to Jared, diagonal = good.

Unfortunately, AO had to come to a halt with about an hour left of observing time. While taking some RM’s, we noticed a giant red blob on our actuator position and current map. Red blobs are not good, as they indicate contamination in the ASM. What could this contaminant be? We are not sure yet, but it could be anything from a detached magnet to a bug seeking warmth.

That brings us to the end of the August 2024 MAPS run! I haven’t even hit the one year mark of working with the MAPS team, but I can still say that I am proud of how far we’ve come since my first run.

Goodnight MMT, goodnight air, goodnight stars, goodnight ladybugs and abnormally large daddy long leg spiders that are everywhere.

:・゚✧:・.☽˚。・゚✧:・.:

As we all make our way home, I would like us to keep the song of the night in mind: “On the Road Again”, but specifically Donkey’s version from Shrek.

MAPS Aug. 2024B Night 5: Simulations & Storms

The duality of nature is something I’ll never stop wondering at: my first post came to you on a night so action-packed, I felt incapable of writing every detail down. Last night, however, we didn’t leave lightning shutdown.

To bide the time in hopes of some sky-time, Amali guided me through the MAPS CACAO simulation; from starting up the server, deformable mirror and wavefront sensor, to closing the loop with 20 modes, 50 modes, and finally 100 modes. Hopefully this means we’ll be able to reach 100 modes on-sky!

MAPS CAAO Simulation: 20 Modes!

Next, Lauren was shown the ways of simulated CACAO. It was comforting to know we wouldn’t break the ASM since this was only a simulation, and it was alright to push the mock-ASM to its limits and discover what not to do to the real deal. Apparently, completion of the simulation means I am now prepared to operate the AO system on-sky solo. But, I still feel like a tenuous sapling whose very existence/job/ASM is threatened by anything stronger than a mild breeze.

Amali’s pedagogy then dictated Lauren and I teach Parker how to operate the MAPS simulation. Thusly, we discovered the gaps in our learning and may have unintentionally confused Parker in the process but, he did succeed in reproducing a 20-mode loop. Maybe we didn’t do so bad after all? Our next step towards becoming strong AOaks is to write the simulation steps in our own words. Gee, it’s a good thing lab classes were a requirement for graduation; who would have thought writing reports was so important? (I jest, I jest)

The word of the night is Arizona. Talking to Yoav, I was reminded that not only does Steward Observatory and the University of Arizona contribute significantly to astronomy and humankind’s exploration of space; but so does every University in Arizona. We are strengthened by our inter-university collaboration, now more than ever. In this sense, I dare to say Arizona means ad astra per intellectum et cooperante–to the stars through understanding and collaboration.

Now, I would love to explain the majesty of the storm that kept us from opening, but words would not do it justice. So I’ll let the photography of our talented telescope operator, Brian Pinault, speak for me. Ever the diligent guardian of our invaluable tools, Brian captured this moment of volatile yet sublime nature while visually surveying the storm’s trajectory.

Credit: Brian Pinault
Credit: Brian Pinault

In honor of the storm, the song of the night is The Tempest, Op 18 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

I’d like to add a bonus to tonight’s post. If you don’t already listen to Ologies, the science podcast by Alie Ward, then you are missing out. Let me present to you one of you new favorite listening experiences with the episode on Fulminology, the Study of Lightning. Check it out, or your chances of being struck by lightning may increase! (again I jest, I jest)

Maybe devil fruits don’t exist in our universe, but lightning does…

MAPS Aug. 2024B Night 4: 100 Modes and Tornadoes

Hello! My name is Lauren. Similarly to Bianca (introduced in the last blog post), I am research staff for CAAO, and the second padawan under the great Amali Vaz. This is my sixth MAPS observing run, and I have been given the duty of making my first blog post! Since we are currently clouded over, I will mostly be filling you in on the non-AO happenings of tonight…

As soon as I was awoken from my slumber by the sound of thunder, I knew the day that we had all been dreading (just for astronomical reasons) had arrived. Once we got to the summit, I decided to enjoy the cloudy weather and see what the great outdoors had to offer today. Out of the corner of my eyes, I saw two little blobs hopping around. Coatis!

This coati and I had a staredown for a minute or so.

Find the coati!

The second coati quite literally huffed at me and ran away. I was a little offended that the wild animal did not sense my calm, animal-loving spirit.

Look at him run!

Besides rain and hail, there were other interesting meteorological happenings in the area today. First, a tornado warning was issued early this evening in southern Pima County. Just a couple hours later, another tornado warning occurred in Dragoon, AZ. This led to the important conversation of where we should go for shelter in the case that a tornado rudely passes through the MMT.

Pop quiz:

If a tornado warning occurs in the MMT area, what should you do?

a) Seek shelter at the top of the dome b) Seek shelter in an area away from windows and external walls c) Rotate the building at the same speed and in the opposite direction of the tornado in order to counteract the tornado (Yoav’s idea)

Artist interpretation of Yoav’s idea. MMT image courtesy of Frank Taylor

One good thing about cloudy nights is that we can always work on software. Thanks to Andrew and Orlando, we can now control filter wheel positions through INDI, which can also be selected in the INDI GUI.

In addition, Amali and Jared set up the wavefront sensor simulation with CACAO! They successfully closed the loop with 50 modes.

50-mode WFS simulation

Alas! The sky has cleared and now we can do some AO. Amali gets to CACAOing, working on taking 100-mode response matrices, while closing the loop on 50 modes. While doing so, we noticed a nice core and parts of Airy rings on the MIRAC PSF. The honorable target was FK5 0857, eta Pegasi.

Midway through this, a minuscule cloud perfectly obscured our target.

Don’t you hate when that happens?

However, all good things must come to an end. There are storms developing nearby, and we close for the rest of the night.

The song of the night is “You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)” in honor of the rotating MMT building.