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SPIE 2025: The Optics and Photonics Version

Welcome to SPIE 2025: The Optics and Photonics version (not to be confused with the astronomical instrumentation version which happens every other year)!

We welcome you back to sunny San Diego, where I spent my first day in the airport because I initially thought that the conference began on a Monday. Instead, I was running circles around the San Diego airport (quite literally because the San Diego airport is a circle).

Following this adventure, I delivered a very special package to one Sebastiaan Haffert containing multiple MagAO-X masks.

An artistic rendering of the MagAO-X mask exchange.

And thus dear reader, this brings us to Day 1 (2) of the conference.

SPIE Day 1 2: Makes Sense

Today’s talks were of a sensitive nature…the wavefront sensing variety, that is. Kevin Derby of the famed University of Arizona Space Astrophysics Lab gave a talk on full-field phase retrieval (say that 3 times fast) for a space telescope.

🙂 😮 :/

Rico then made waves (or reconstructed wavefronts) with the one and only MagAO-X talk of SPIE 2025.

Perfectly reconstructed as all wavefronts should be.
We will all one day be replaced by neural nets.

I did my best to spread the gospel of the spatially-clipped self coherent camera:

I am not giving away my (single) shot.

In the evening poster session, Rodrigo did a masterful job presenting MagAO-X’s latest and greatest addition:

The dawn of the polarimeter poster.

After all of this presenting, it was time for a noteworthy celebration which involved dancing inflatable sharks, a blow-up igloo, penguin cupcakes, and steel pan covers of classic pop songs. Before you ask, this was not Katy Perry’s 2015 Super Bowl Halftime Show.

It was the iconic SPIE Welcome Reception!

Rico chomping down on a plastic penguin. The flightless bird toys adorning the cupcakes were not in fact edible.

SPIE Day 2 3: Cats + Dogs + Pi

We may not be in Antofagasta but this conference has gone to the dogs (or rather, the cats). The second not Sunday of SPIE featured a talk on the MEOW survey of directly imaged white dwarfs. Naturally, if the survey is named after an animal and concerns white dwarfs, Logan is involved.

This survey is the cat’s meow.

Elisabeth Arcadi from Macquarie University then gave us a lesson on photonic nulling interferometry using tasty baked goods:

A pie phase shift…

SPIE Day 3 4: ExAO at the Plenary + PDS 70 + Aliens + Telescopes in Space + Dune:

The third not Sunday began with Arizona astronomy being featured front and center in the plenary session courtesy of Buell:

PDS 70 made the big time!

Buell then showcased everyone’s favorite instrument:

GMagAO, GMTAO-X, GMagAO-X, MagAO, VisAO, MagAO-X (formerly known as MagAO), Not SceXAO, That Box With a lot of Stickers, MagAO-X!

Buell gave the audience an overview of all the cool work being done at Steward both on the ground and in space!

SPACE.

We then heard from Dr. Sug-Whan Kim who gave us a fascinating overview of Korea’s history in astronomical optics. Dr. Kim ended his plenary in the way that every talk should end: with a Dune reference.

There is no call we do not answer…

Ramya then gave a great talk on PUFFINS (not the critically acclaimed cereal but the future UV polarimetry mission)!

Birds + polarimetry = highly succesful space mission

SPIE Day 4 5: Dark Hole Day

The fourth not Sunday was International Dark Hole Day (I declared it so), featuring some pretty far out dark holes from Rus Belikov:

I spent a good portion of this day on the beach.

The beach in question:

SPIE-themed cornhole, anyone?

SPIE Day 5 6: Need a vortex coronagraph?

On the fifth not-Sunday of SPIE, the conference gave to me…multiple vortex coronagraph talks! Unrelated, but I also bought 2 shirts this morning because I started running low.

Sebastiaan? Vortex talk.

This talk is for all the HWOmies.

Rico? Vortex talk.

Supppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppress.

Iva? Not a vortex talk, but this was a pretty cool wavefront control GUI from her talk on the THD2 high contrast imaging testbed:

Finally, I ended the conference with a plate of loaded fries:

Don’t worry, there was a lot of cheese under all this food.

Song of the Day:

AstroTech 2025: Building Community and Building Instruments

For those unfamiliar with AstroTech, it is a weeklong summer school at UC Berkeley designed to teach the next generation of students how to design and build astronomical instruments, while being collaborative and inclusive.

The first few days of summer school started with multiple lectures on astronomy and optics-based content, along with a number of hands-on labs that taught us some of the specialized skills needed to build an instrument including: optomechanics, software design, calibration hardware, detectors, and electronics.

Once everyone had a solid background of the specializations we broke into teams of five to brainstorm science cases that spectrographs would be useful for. In an attempt to think of a unique science case, our group settled with a spectrograph design capable of covering the entire optical spectrum to classify asteroids by their spectral shape but also be able to distinguish between CN and CO signatures. This led us to a more complex design that involved having optical components moving on stages.

While this may sound trivial, the challenging part came when we were only given 10 hours over the course of two days to design, build, test, and present this working spectrograph. This is where the topic of collaboration and teamwork are of the utmost importance. Hence, one of key objectives of the summer school and something we spent time learning and practicing everyday was inclusive teamwork.

Within our teams, each person was responsible for one of the five specialty groups. I worked on developing the software pipeline the read in flats, darks, and science fits files, and processed raw science data. The code then plotted the entire spectra, identified known emission lines in our calibration source, and determined the wavelength solution that maps the x-axis from the pixel domain to the wavelength domain.

One of the most valuable takeaways from this experience will be the opportunity to build connections with a wide range of individuals from leaders in academia, government, and industry to my peers who will shape the next generation of astronomy instrumentation.

While the days were packed with learning and networking, I still found time in the early mornings and late evenings to explore. One highlight was reconnecting with a high school friend who works for the Cal football team. He gave me an incredible tour of the stadium and locker rooms, which resulted in my closet being overstocked with Cal shirts. I also spent most evenings out with the great friends I made during my time there, including one excursion that led to an underwhelming visit to the Golden Gate Bridge.

I will wrap this blog up and leave you with a couple photos from the beautiful Berkeley campus!

Song of the Day

MAPS Jun. 2025A Night 5: 100% efficiency

Tonight we tested the new ASM-cooling fans for introduced vibrations:

It was a great time to do this test since we were getting E-stops on the ASM from some overheating actuators. We found that the fans did not introduce appreciable vibrations that couldn’t be taken out by the AO, so we went ahead and turned the fans on for the rest of the night!

We then analyzed the test we did yesterday where we took 5 RMs and compared them to make sure the RMs are actually repeatable modes. We found that they were modal and repeatable!

The next thing was off-loading focus to the hexapod.

And then we tested a 50-modes loop with the IR WFS:

And took some data:

We had some over temperatures so we paused to let the ASM cool down. But the fans were helping because this is no where near the amount of pausing we had to do last June.

And that’s the end of a great run where we made a lot of progress working on CACAO and the IR WFS, and the first run where we’ve had 100% efficiency! 5 nights on the schedule, 5 full nights of clear skies, good weather, and working instruments!!!

The song of the night is “Bridget’s Song” by Celia Farran:

MAPS Jun. 2025A Night 4: RM modes

Tonight was another beautiful clear night. Seeing ranged from around 1-3 arcseconds. At the start of the night we were confused why we were seeing very little AO correction — it turns out the TT mirror was not modulating, oops! After this we took several sets of AO-on vs. AO-off Pisces data. We also compared the response matrix modes for a set of 20-modes-RM taken with 5 trials and it is encouraging that we are seeing the Zernike-ish modes as expected!

The song of the night is “Num Num Cat TikTok Chain but its actually good lol”:

MAPS Jun. 2025A Night 3: IR CACAO

The return of IR WFSing! After squashing some software bugs we closed the loop on 3 and then 20 modes with CACAO using the IR WFS:

I’m back at home where I’m finding it brilliant, reliable, intelligent, diligent, glorious, exceptional, and troublesome. Thanks to the mountain team for enabling a good remote-observing session.

The song of the night is Malagueña – Michael Lucarelli, classical guitar: